Monitor, review and pathogen identification
- 100% maintenance fluids: enteral feeds if tolerated or isotonic IV fluids e.g. 0.9% Sodium Chloride with 5% Glucose
- Do not restrict fluids unless there is evidence of increased ADH secretion (SIADH) or raised intracranial pressure (RICP)
- Monitor fluid administration, urine output, electrolytes and blood glucose
- Consideration of imaging
- Perform LP when contraindication no longer present
- LP: CSF – MC&S, glucose, protein, viral PCR (herpes, enterovirus, parechovirus) and bacterial PCR.
- LP information leaflet available for parents
- Contraindications to LP:
- Shock
- Coma
- Less than 30 minutes after convulsion
- Coagulation abnormalities
- clotting study results (if obtained) outside normal range
- platelet count below 100 x 109/L
- on Anticoagulant therapy
- local superficial infection at LP site
- respiratory insufficiency
- other clinical or radiological signs of raised intracranial pressure (RICP): reduced (GCS ≤8) or fluctuating level of consciousness, relative bradycardia and hypertension, focal neurological signs, abnormal posture or posturing, unequal, dilated or poorly responsive pupils, papilloedema (late sign), abnormal ‘doll’s eye’ movements.
- Liaise with neurosurgical/PID unit if complications
Has a specific pathogen been identified?
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