Warning

What is Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder or PTSD?

It is important to remember that PTSD is not exactly the same in everyone.  

PTSD can develop after a single traumatic event, such as an accident, or following complex trauma, for example repeated experiences of abuse. Symptoms may begin a few weeks after a traumatic event or sometimes do not appear until months or years later.  Generally, people experiencing PTSD have three types of symptoms: 

Avoidance – trying to avoid any reminders of the trauma.  This might be staying away from certain places or people, not talking about the event or throwing yourself into work or hobbies to take your mind off things.

Re-experiencing – having very vivid memories of the trauma that pop up when you least expect or want them. You might have nightmares or flashbacks. Sometimes the memories might be more vague, like a feeling or image in your head or like feeling sick or sweaty. Along with them, may be negative thoughts about why the trauma happened, or what you could have done about it.

Hyperarousal – feeling ‘on edge’ making you annoyed or snappy with other people, or being unable to sleep, or finding you can’t concentrate very well. 

If you are told you have Complex PTSD, as well as the symptoms just described, you might have a very negative view of yourself, have difficulties in your relationships with other people, and find it hard to control your emotions. 

What might help with PTSD?

Immediately after a traumatic event, it is normal to feel shaken or upset and it takes a while to adjust. Your brain is responding to being under threat and trying to protect you from harm. It takes a while to process what has happened, but after a few weeks the stress symptoms tend to start to reduce. Many people, especially if they have good support around them, can begin to feel normal again without needing therapy.

 We know it is helpful to keep things predictable and follow normal routines as far as possible.

If you feel able, it’s a good idea to go back to usual activities such as school, work, clubs or activities.

It is helpful to express your feelings about the trauma. This can be done in a number of ways, it might be through a conversation with a friend or trusted adult, sometimes people can find drawing or writing feelings down helpful, whatever way is most helpful to you.

 It is a good idea to try to keep other stress to a minimum for a few weeks after (where possible) to help you to recover.

It is also a good idea to eat regularly (even if you don’t feel like it). Try to do some exercise, as this might help you sleep.

Spend time with people you care about, this can be online or in person, just to help you to connect to your community.

Relaxation exercises such as breathing, progressive muscular relaxation, and relaxing music can be helpful to help you to cope.

Follow this link for some self-care resources: Wellbeing for Young People PTSD

Resources for PTSD

Editorial Information

Last reviewed: 25/11/2024

Next review date: 25/11/2025

Author(s): NHSGGC Specialist Children’s Services Professional Psychology lead (former)..

Approved By: NHSGGC Specialist Children’s Services Professional Psychology lead (current) & NHSGGC CAMHS Clinical Governance Executive Committee

Reviewer name(s): NHSGGC MH Supported Self-Management App Editorial Group, NHSGGC Specialist Children’s Services Research & Development Manager.