Hyponatraemia - investigation and diagnosis

Hyponatraemia - investigation and diagnosis

<275>275STARTFINISHCreated with SnapCheck plasma...STARTFINISHCreated with SnapHypotonichyponatraemia<100>100STARTFINISHCreated with SnapMeasure urineosmolalitySTARTFINISHCreated with SnapCauses include:• Primary polydipsia• Inappropriate IVfluids• Low oral sodiumintake...<30>30STARTFINISHCreated with SnapMeasure urine sodiumSTARTFINISHCreated with SnapAssess fluid status...(see link)STARTFINISHHypovolaemicCauses include:• G.I. loss• 3 rd space losses• Previous diuretic useSTARTFINISHHypervolaemicCauses include:• Heart failure• Liver failure• Nephrotic syndromeSTARTFINISHCreated with SnapAssess fluid statusAre diuretics thecause?(see link)STARTFINISHHypovolaemicCauses include:• Vomiting• Addisons• Renal salt wasting• CSWSSTARTFINISHEuvolaemicCauses include:• SIADH• Secondary adrenalinsufficiency• Severe...STARTFINISHCreated with SnapNon-hypotonichyponatraemiaSTARTFINISHCheck ethanol,glucose and forcauses ofpseudohyponatraemia(eg raised...