1. Agnelli G, Becattini C, Meyer G, Muñoz A, Huisman MV, Connors JM, et al. Apixaban for the Treatment of Venous Thromboembolism Associated with Cancer. The New England journal of medicine. 2020;382(17):1599-607.
  2. Carrier M, Abou-Nassar K, Mallick R, Tagalakis V, Shivakumar S, Schattner A, et al. Apixaban to Prevent Venous Thromboembolism in Patients with Cancer. The New England journal of medicine. 2019;380(8):711-9.
  3. Shinagare AB, Guo M, Hatabu H, Krajewski KM, Andriole K, Van den Abbeele AD, et al. Incidence of pulmonary embolism in oncologic outpatients at a tertiary cancer center. Cancer. 2011;117(16):3860-6.
  4. Watson HG, Keeling DM, Laffan M, Tait RC, Makris M. Guideline on aspects of cancer-related venous thrombosis. British journal of haematology. 2015;170(5):640-8.
  5. Kahn SR, Shapiro S, Wells PS, Rodger MA, Kovacs MJ, Anderson DR, et al. Compression stockings to prevent post-thrombotic syndrome: a randomised placebo-controlled trial. Lancet. 2014;383(9920):880-8.
  6. Key NS, Khorana AA, Kuderer NM, Bohlke K, Lee AYY, Arcelus JI, et al. Venous Thromboembolism Prophylaxis and Treatment in Patients With Cancer: ASCO Clinical Practice Guideline Update. Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology. 2020;38(5):496-520.
  7. Khorana AA, Kuderer NM, Culakova E, Lyman GH, Francis CW. Development and validation of a predictive model for chemotherapy-associated thrombosis. Blood. 2008;111(10):4902-7.
  8. Apixaban SPC  [Available from: https://www.medicines.org.uk/emc/product/2878/smpc.
  9. Khorana AA, Francis CW, Culakova E, Kuderer NM, Lyman GH. Frequency, risk factors, and trends for venous thromboembolism among hospitalized cancer patients. Cancer. 2007;110(10):2339-46.
  10. NICE. NICE guideline [NG158].  Venous thromboembolic diseases: diagnosis, management and thrombophilia testing. 2020.
  11. McBane RD, 2nd, Wysokinski WE, Le-Rademacher JG, Zemla T, Ashrani A, Tafur A, et al. Apixaban and dalteparin in active malignancy-associated venous thromboembolism: The ADAM VTE trial. Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH. 2020;18(2):411-21.
  12. Raskob GE, van Es N, Verhamme P, Carrier M, Di Nisio M, Garcia D, et al. Edoxaban for the Treatment of Cancer-Associated Venous Thromboembolism. The New England journal of medicine. 2018;378(7):615-24.
  13. Mulder FI, van Es N, Kraaijpoel N, Di Nisio M, Carrier M, Garcia D, et al. Efficacy and safety of edoxaban in clinically relevant subgroups: results from the Hokusai VTE Cancer randomized trial. Thrombosis research. 2018;164:S194.
  14. Young AM, Marshall A, Thirlwall J, Chapman O, Lokare A, Hill C, et al. Comparison of an Oral Factor Xa Inhibitor With Low Molecular Weight Heparin in Patients With Cancer With Venous Thromboembolism: Results of a Randomized Trial (SELECT-D). Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology. 2018;36(20):2017-23.
  15. Lee AY, Levine MN, Baker RI, Bowden C, Kakkar AK, Prins M, et al. Low-molecular-weight heparin versus a coumarin for the prevention of recurrent venous thromboembolism in patients with cancer. The New England journal of medicine. 2003;349(2):146-53.
  16. Hull RD, Pineo GF, Brant RF, Mah AF, Burke N, Dear R, et al. Long-term low-molecular-weight heparin versus usual care in proximal-vein thrombosis patients with cancer. The American journal of medicine. 2006;119(12):1062-72.
  17. Palla A, Rossi G, Falaschi F, Marconi L, Pistolesi M, Prandoni P. Is incidentally detected pulmonary embolism in cancer patients less severe? A case-control study. Cancer investigation. 2012;30(2):131-4.
  18. den Exter PL, Hooijer J, Dekkers OM, Huisman MV. Risk of recurrent venous thromboembolism and mortality in patients with cancer incidentally diagnosed with pulmonary embolism: a comparison with symptomatic patients. Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology. 2011;29(17):2405-9. 
  19. Menapace LA, Peterson DR, Berry A, Sousou T, Khorana AA. Symptomatic and incidental thromboembolism are both associated with mortality in pancreatic cancer. Thrombosis and haemostasis. 2011;106(2):371-8.  O'Connell C, Razavi P, Ghalichi M, Boyle S, Vasan S, Mark L, et al. Unsuspected pulmonary emboli adversely impact survival in patients with cancer undergoing routine staging multi-row detector computed tomography scanning. Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH. 2011;9(2):305-11.
  20. O'Connell C, Razavi P, Ghalichi M, Boyle S, Vasan S, Mark L, et al. Unsuspected pulmonary emboli adversely impact survival in patients with cancer undergoing routine staging multi-row detector computed tomography scanning. Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH. 2011;9(2):305-11.
  21. McBane RD, 2nd, Loprinzi CL, Ashrani A, Lenz CJ, Houghton D, Zemla T, et al. Extending venous thromboembolism secondary prevention with apixaban in cancer patients: The EVE trial. European journal of haematology. 2020;104(2):88-96.
  22. Kitchen S, Gray E, Mackie I, Baglin T, Makris M. Measurement of non-coumarin anticoagulants and their effects on tests of Haemostasis: Guidance from the British Committee for Standards in Haematology. British journal of haematology. 2014;166(6):830-41.
  23. Dalteparin SPC  [Available from: https://www.medicines.org.uk/emc/medicine/26892/SPC/Fragmin.
  24. Watson H, Davidson S, Keeling D. Guidelines on the diagnosis and management of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia: second edition. British journal of haematology. 2012;159(5):528-40.
  25. Farge D, Bounameaux H, Brenner B, Cajfinger F, Debourdeau P, Khorana AA, et al. International clinical practice guidelines including guidance for direct oral anticoagulants in the treatment and prophylaxis of venous thromboembolism in patients with cancer. The Lancet Oncology. 2016;17(10):e452-e66.
  26. NCCN Guidelines for Venous Thromboembolic Disease 2018 [Available from: https://www.nccn.org/professionals/physician_gls/pdf/vte.pdf.
  27. Carney BJ, Uhlmann EJ, Puligandla M, Mantia C, Weber GM, Neuberg DS, et al. Intracranial hemorrhage with direct oral anticoagulants in patients with brain tumors. Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH. 2019;17(1):72-6.
  28. Zwicker JI, Karp Leaf R, Carrier M. A meta-analysis of intracranial hemorrhage in patients with brain tumors receiving therapeutic anticoagulation. Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH. 2016;14(9):1736-40.
  29. Hunter BD, Minichiello T, Bent S. Anticoagulation for the treatment of venous thromboembolism in patients with brain metastases: a meta-analysis and systematic review. Journal of thrombosis and thrombolysis. 2017;44(3):392-8.
  30. Donato J, Campigotto F, Uhlmann EJ, Coletti E, Neuberg D, Weber GM, et al. Intracranial hemorrhage in patients with brain metastases treated with therapeutic enoxaparin: a matched cohort study. Blood. 2015;126(4):494-9.
  31. Alvarado G, Noor R, Bassett R, Papadopoulos NE, Kim KB, Hwu WJ, et al. Risk of intracranial hemorrhage with anticoagulation therapy in melanoma patients with brain metastases. Melanoma research. 2012;22(4):310-5.
  32. Weinstock MJ, Uhlmann EJ, Zwicker JI. Intracranial hemorrhage in cancer patients treated with anticoagulation. Thrombosis research. 2016;140 Suppl 1:S60-5.
  33. Pan E, Tsai JS, Mitchell SB. Retrospective study of venous thromboembolic and intracerebral hemorrhagic events in glioblastoma patients. Anticancer research. 2009;29(10):4309-13.
  34. Edwin NC, Khoury MN, Sohal D, McCrae KR, Ahluwalia MS, Khorana AA. Recurrent venous thromboembolism in glioblastoma. Thrombosis research. 2016;137:184-8.
  35. Mantia C, Uhlmann EJ, Puligandla M, Weber GM, Neuberg D, Zwicker JI. Predicting the higher rate of intracranial hemorrhage in glioma patients receiving therapeutic enoxaparin. Blood. 2017;129(25):3379-85.
  36. Portillo J, de la Rocha IV, Font L, Braester A, Madridano O, Peromingo JA, et al. Venous thromboembolism in patients with glioblastoma multiforme: Findings of the RIETE registry. Thrombosis research. 2015;136(6):1199-203.
  37. EASL. EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines: Vascular diseases of the liver 2015 [Available from: http://www.easl.eu/medias/cpg/Vascular-liver-diseases/English-report.pdf.
  38. Kreuziger LB, Ageno W, Lee A. Management of incidental splanchnic vein thrombosis in cancer patients. Hematology American Society of Hematology Education Program. 2014;2014(1):318-20.
  39. Tufano A, Ageno W, Di Micco P, Niglio A, Rosa V, Ballaz A, et al. Outcomes during anticoagulation in patients with symptomatic vs. incidental splanchnic vein thrombosis. Thrombosis research. 2018;164:69-74.
  40. Amitrano L, Guardascione MA, Scaglione M, Pezzullo L, Sangiuliano N, Armellino MF, et al. Prognostic factors in noncirrhotic patients with splanchnic vein thromboses. The American journal of gastroenterology. 2007;102(11):2464-70.
  41. Connolly GC, Chen R, Hyrien O, Mantry P, Bozorgzadeh A, Abt P, et al. Incidence, risk factors and consequences of portal vein and systemic thromboses in hepatocellular carcinoma. Thrombosis research. 2008;122(3):299-306.
  42. Scott G, Mahdi AJ, Alikhan R. Superficial vein thrombosis: a current approach to management. British journal of haematology. 2015;168(5):639-45.
  43. Edoxaban SPC  [Available from: https://www.medicines.org.uk/emc/product/6907/smpc.
  44. Rivaroxaban SPC  [Available from: https://www.medicines.org.uk/emc/product/2793/smpc.
  45. Short NJ, Connors JM. New oral anticoagulants and the cancer patient. The oncologist. 2014;19(1):82-93.