Warning

The following articles contain a sample of general biomechanical assessment methods and outcomes relating to the treatment of foot and ankle pathologies. They may act as a useful guide for deriving a diagnosis and treatment plan. This list is by no means considered to be exhaustive.

Dananberg, H.J., 2000. Sagittal plane biomechanics. American Diabetes Association. Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association, 90(1), pp.47-50.
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De Schepper, J., Van Alsenoy, K., Rijckaert, J., De Mits, S., Lootens, T. and Roosen, P., 2012. Intratest reliability in determining the subtalar joint axis using the palpation technique described by K. Kirby. Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association, 102(2), pp.122-129.
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Hueber, G.A., Hall, E.A., Sage, B.W. and Docherty, C.L., 2017. Prophylactic Bracing Has No Effect on Lower Extremity Alignment or Functional Performance. International journal of sports medicine, 38(08), pp.637-643.
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Jarvis, H.L., Nester, C.J., Bowden, P.D. and Jones, R.K., 2017. Challenging the foundations of the clinical model of foot function: further evidence that the root model assessments fail to appropriately classify foot function. Journal of foot and ankle research, 10(1), p.7.
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Lewinson, R.T., Worobets, J.T. and Stefanyshyn, D.J., 2016. Control conditions for footwear insole and orthotic research. Gait & posture, 48, pp.99-105.
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Mattila, V.M., Sillanpää, P.J., Salo, T., Laine, H.J., Mäenpää, H. and Pihlajamäki, H., 2011. Can orthotic insoles prevent lower limb overuse injuries? A randomized‐controlled trial of 228 subjects. Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports, 21(6), pp.804-808.
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Pascual Huerta, J., Ropa Moreno, J.M., Kirby, K.A., Garcia Carmona, F.J. and Orejana Garcia, A.M., 2009. Effect of 7-degree rearfoot varus and valgus wedging on rearfoot kinematics and kinetics during the stance phase of walking. Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association, 99(5), pp.415-421.
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Editorial Information

Last reviewed: 01/08/2024

Next review date: 01/08/2025

Approved By: British Association of Prosthetists and Orthotists (BAPO)

Reviewer name(s): British Association of Prosthetists and Orthotists (BAPO) Professional Affairs Committee , Laura Barr.