Warning

VTE disease is responsible for 1/3 of all major trauma deaths who have survived >24 hours.

Patients should rarely, if ever go >72 hours without chemical prophylaxis

Bleeding risk

1. Active Bleeding.

2. Acquired or inherited bleeding disorders.

3. Formally anti-coagulated (e.g. INR>2).

4. Acute stroke.

5. Platelets <75.

6. BP > 230/120.

7. LP/Epidural/Spinal anaesthesia within previous 4 or next 12 hours.

8. Other high risk procedures anticipated in next 12 hours.

Principles

  • Commence mechanical prophylaxis in all patients unless contraindicated.
  • Commence chemical VTE prophylaxis without any significant bleeding risk as soon as possible in most patients.
  • Patients should rarely, if ever go >72 hours without chemical prophylaxis.

Special considerations for chemical VTE prophylaxis

Traumatic Brain injuries

  • Administer within 24-48 hours of injury if clinically or radiologically stable.
  • Administer 24 hours after craniotomy.

Spinal/Spinal Cord injury

  • As soon as possible and <72 hours after injury.

Solid Organ Injury

  • As soon as possible, ideally <24 hours after injury.

Editorial Information

Last reviewed: 01/09/2021

Next review date: 01/09/2024

Version: 1.0