• Fear of major bleed may prevent continuing care at home.
  • Advise the carer to sit or stand behind the patient when applying pressure in a severe bleed if possible as this reduces bleeding onto the carer and can limit impact of event on them. Advise them to speak to or touch the patient to reassure them they are not alone.
  • All those involved with a patient who bleeds (family, carers and staff) may need support.
  • Ensure bleeding is not due to dressing adherence or inappropriately vigorous cleaning of wound.
  • Check for appropriateness of drugs and dose in the British National Formulary (BNF) or Summary of Product Characteristics (SPCs) on an individual basis.
  • Buccolam 5mg/ml has marketing authorisation (adult dose is unlicensed) and Epistatus 10mg/ml is an unlicensed formulation. Check local policy for preferred product.
  • Systemic haemostatic drug, such as etamsylate 500mg four times daily (if available), may also be helpful for skin, mucous membranes and urinary tract bleeding. Review 1 week after bleeding stops.
  • Advice on fungating wound management is available from Macmillan.