• Assess whether it is severe acute bleeding which is life threatening, or more controllable with specific measures. If the latter, discuss management with appropriate specialist.
  • Also assess whether bleeding is due to local effects (such as blood vessel invasion) or to systemic effects of disease (such as disseminated intravascular coagulopathy [DIC]).
  • Review the need for drugs that increase risk of bleeding, for example low molecular weight heparin, aspirin, warfarin, dexamethasone, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS).