It is preferable to identify PWUD with palliative needs at an early stage and offer referral to Specialist Palliative Care (SPC). The SPICT® tool can be used to screen for palliative care needs. The individual should have a key coordinating professional overseeing their substance use such as Substance Use/Addictions Services (SUS) or their General Practitioner (GP).

Clear and compassionate communication is required to encourage full disclosure of substance use.  Reassurance should be offered that the information is required to provide tailored treatment. Concerns around substance withdrawal can feed reluctance to be admitted to a place of care, and early reassurance on management should be offered.

A full assessment of palliative care needs and substance use should ideally be carried out during joint assessment by SPC and the key co-ordinating professional (GP or SUS).  It is important to consider both current and previous substance use.  A full history of Medication Assisted Treatment (MAT), such as methadone or buprenorphine maintenance programmes, should be included.