There are no studies comparing DOACs against placebo. The NNT and NNH data in the table are based on comparative studies against warfarin, not against placebo. Great care is required in interpreting this data. It is of limited use to guide a decision on whether or not to continue with a DOAC.

In addition it should be noted that these studies were equivalence/non-inferiority studies against warfarin, so the validity of extrapolating the results could be questioned. However, these data are included as a useful representation of the potential relative risks and benefits between warfarin and the individual agents.