How to care for the unwell patient with known adrenal insufficiency or on long term steroids

Patients at risk of adrenal crisis should be issued a STEROID EMERGENCY CARD  (link here and can be found at www.endocrinology.org/adrenal-crisis)

My patient is taking long term steroids - are they at risk of adrenal suppression?

Patients prescribed steroids at >5mg/day prednisolone (or equivalent) for over 4 weeks are at risk of adrenal suppression and therefore may be at risk of adrenal crisis.

 

Steroid Equivalence Chart:

Steroid

Dose Equivalent

Prednisolone

5mg per day or more

Methylprednisolone

4mg per day or more

Hydrocortisone

15mg per day or more

Dexamethasone

250 microgram per day or more

Sick Day rule dosing for patients at risk of adrenal crisis

Dosing recommendation depends on the acute illness AND existing dose and reason for long term steroids. PLEASE check for the appropriate section

Acute Insult - Fever, infection needing antibiotics, surgery under local anaesthetic

Steroids for known Adrenal Insufficiency (any baseline dose)

  • Double usual glucocorticoid dose, or increase to minimum daily dose of hydrocortisone 30mg or equivalent (if double usual dose <30mg hydrocortisone or equivalent)

Long term steroids with NO known Adrenal Insufficiency

  • If long-term dose is <10mg prednisolone (or equivalent) → increase dose to 10mg prednisolone (or equivalent) whilst unwell or on day of procedure

  • If long-term dose is 10mg prednisolone or more (or equivalent) → no dose change required

Acute Insult - Persistent vomiting, preparation for colonoscopy, acute trauma, surgery under anaestheticFor all patients on long term steroids for ANY indication

  • 100mg Hydrocortisone IM/IV at onset/presentation/start of procedure
  • Subsequently 50mg hydrocortisone IV QDS
  • Patient should be admitted for ongoing parenteral hydrocortisone if required

    On recovery from acute insult - return to normal steroid dose (no need to wean)

For perioperative and obstetric management please discuss with the anaesthetic team and consult national guidance 

Patients with confirmed adrenal insufficiency lasting >3 months should be seen in endocrine clinic for education about sick day rules and emergency hydrocortisone injection