Clinical features

Febrile illness (> 85% of patients) plus at least one of:
  • Altered behaviour / personality / conscious level
  • New onset seizure activity
  • New onset focal neurological signs

Investigations

  • Lumbar puncture
  • Bacterial culture
  • Viral PCR
  • Cell counts / microscopy
  • Protein and glucose

EEG

MRI brain

Infection Control

Isolate with contact precautions

Treatment

ACICLOVIR (IV)  10mg/kg 8 hourly (use ideal body weight if obese)

Duration: 21 days if HSV / VZV confirmed or there is MRI / EEG evidence of encephalitis