Gastrointestinal perforation

Warning

GI perforation occurs <2%, but can be life-threatening. Perforation occurs within the first 60 days in most.

Managing risk of GI perforation with VEGF-i therapy

  • Patients with acute diverticulitis, SABO/obstruction, abdominal carcinomatosis, unresected colorectal primary tumours or with a history of previous pelvis/abdominal radiation are at an increased risk for GI perforation and must be monitored for early symptoms and signs of perforation.   
  • Prescribe with caution in patients with diverticulosis, peptic ulcers, chronic NSAID use if GI endoscopic procedure within 3 months - evaluate risks vs benefits in each individual.  
  • GI endoscopic procedures should be delayed, if possible, until after VEGF-i treatment.  
  • Treat patients with active peptic ulcer disease with a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) while on VEGF-i treatment.  
  • Discontinue VEGF-i if GI perforation. 
  • Manage GI perforation according to its severity, with input from surgeons. Risk for impaired wound healing or wound complications during VEGF-i therapy.  

Editorial Information

Last reviewed: 05/01/2024

Next review date: 05/01/2027

Author(s): Edinburgh Cancer Centre.

Version: 1.1

Approved By: Authorised by CTAC. Refer to Q-Pulse for approval details.

Reviewer name(s): Stewart J.