- Patients with acute diverticulitis, SABO/obstruction, abdominal carcinomatosis, unresected colorectal primary tumours or with a history of previous pelvis/abdominal radiation are at an increased risk for GI perforation and must be monitored for early symptoms and signs of perforation.
- Prescribe with caution in patients with diverticulosis, peptic ulcers, chronic NSAID use if GI endoscopic procedure within 3 months - evaluate risks vs benefits in each individual.
- GI endoscopic procedures should be delayed, if possible, until after VEGF-i treatment.
- Treat patients with active peptic ulcer disease with a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) while on VEGF-i treatment.
- Discontinue VEGF-i if GI perforation.
- Manage GI perforation according to its severity, with input from surgeons. Risk for impaired wound healing or wound complications during VEGF-i therapy.
Gastrointestinal perforation
GI perforation occurs <2%, but can be life-threatening. Perforation occurs within the first 60 days in most.