Warning

Immediate action

  • Ensure patent airway and control residual seizure activity with IV lorazepam 1-2mg (repeated as required to max 8mg) or 10-20mg diazepam  
  • Check BM 
  • Key points - history:   Witnessed seizure, drugs, alcohol withdrawal 
  • Get contact details of witnesses (can come to or be contacted by first fit clinic) 
  • Key points – examination:    Vital Signs, GCS, Pupils, Localising signs, Evidence of head injury / infection 
  • Investigations: BM, U&E, FBC, glucose, Serum osmolality, consider CT if evidence of head injury 

Management in the ED

  • Airway care 
  • Treatment of further seizures - IV fluids + Pabrinex (2xI+II in NSaline) if alcohol withdrawal. Dextrose can further deplete thiamine stores, precipitating Wernickes’-Korsakoff syndrome. Avoid unless hypoglycaemia. 
  • Admit if post-ictal or if no obvious cause for seizure found 
  • If suitable for discharge, refer to 1st seizure clinic using Trak / New Request and follow instructions on referral form. 

Editorial Information

Next review date: 31/01/2025

Author(s): GRI ED Handbook.

Reviewer name(s): Pat O'Mailley.